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The First Caliph of the Muslims

Besides being firm, this is another priority of Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq.

One of the most widely mentioned companions of Prophet Muhammad SAW is Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq. Da was so prominent for having a friendship with the prophet, as well as his abilities, and personality.

Being the first caliph or leader after the Prophet Muhammad, Abu Bakr led by applying discipline, trust and high obedience of the people to the integrity of his personality and leadership.

Biography of Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq

According to shahih, the, abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq's real name is Abdullah bin ‘Utsman bin ‘Amir bin ‘Amr bin Ka’ab bin Sa’ad bin Taiym bin Murrah bin Ka’ab bin Lu’ay Al Qurasyi At Taimi.

He was later dubbed with ‘Atiq and Ash Shiddiq . Some scholars argue that the reason for the nickname ‘Atiq is because he is handsome. Some say it's because he's bright-faced.

Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq was born in 573 AD and died on 23 August 634 AD. He is the closest friend and advisor of Prophet Muhammad SAW.

When the Prophet died, he was present to replace the political and administrative functions of the buyu, and began the position of becoming a caliph or leader.

Hailing from a small clan of powerful Quraysh merchant tribes in Mecca, Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq was the first male convert to Islam.

There are many things that show their closeness to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. For example, when he married his son, Aisha with Prophet Muhammad SAW.

Then when the Prophet Muhammad SAW chose Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq as his companion on the way to Medina during the Hijrah.

In Medina, he was the chief advisor of Prophet Muhammad SAW. In addition, he also made a pilgrimage to Mecca, to become a successor to the Prophet Muhammad SAW became an imam during the Prophet Muhammad SAW illness.

When the Prophet died, the Muslims of Medina resolved the leadership crisis by accepting Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq as the caliph or first ruler of Muslims.

The election of Abu Bakr showed good political awareness. And the swiftness of the election shows that they are determined to unite and continue the duties of Prophet Muhammad SAW.

As Caliph, Abu Bakr had a dual function, namely as a religious leader as well as a head of state.

During his reign, he suppressed a political and religious revolt of a tribe called the Riddah or ‘political revolt’ or ‘apartan’, thus bringing central Arabia under Muslim control.

Under his rule, the Muslim conquest of Iraq and Syria began. In addition, the first written compilation of the Koran is said to have taken place during the caliphate of Abu Bakr.

This is because of the deaths of several Quranic hafidz in the Battle of Yamama, which increases the likelihood that parts of the Quranic text could be lost.

Therefore, Umar Bin Khatab urged Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq so that the Koran is immediately written that the Koran will not remain intact even though the hafidz have fought in the battlefield.

During his illness, Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq was treated by Ishah. As per his request, he was buried close to the place of the Prophet Muhammad.

Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq

No man has as much integrity as Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq RA. Through his profile, he appears to have many virtues. Some of them are:

1. The Best Man after Prophet Muhammad SAW from His Holiness

Ibn ‘Umar RA says:

Meaning: “We have chosen the best person in the time of Prophet SAW. We also choose Abu Bakr, after that Umar bin Khattab, then ‘Utsman bin Affan Radhiallahu’hu,” (HR Bukhari).

2. Accompanying the Prophet Muhammad SAW in the Cave When Pursued by the Quraysh

In the Qur'an Allah SWT says:

As Suhaili said: “Be careful, here Prophet SAW said ‘do not be sad’ but do not say ‘do not be afraid’.

Because when it was Abu Bakr's sorrow for the safety of the Prophet SAW very deep, to the extent that his fear was defeated,”.

When he was about to enter the cave, Abu Bakr entered first to make sure there was nothing that could harm the Prophet Muhammad SAW.

3. Muhammad's People Ordered to Respond Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq

Prophet SAW said:

It means: “Take the path of the people after me, namely Abu Bakr and Umar” (HR Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Ibn Maajah).

4. Infusing All Treasures When Alms are Recommended

Umar bin Khattab RA said:

That is: “Rasulullah SAW ordered us to give alms, so we did it. Umar said: ‘Hopefully today I can defeat Abu Bakar’. I also took half of my property. Until the Prophet asked: ‘Wahai Umar, what do you leave for your family?’. Answer: ‘Semisal with this’. Then Abu Bakr came and took all his property. The Prophet asked: ‘Wahai Abu Bakr, what do you leave for your family?’. Abu Bakr replied: ‘I left for them, Allah and His Messenger’. Umar said: ‘By Allah, I will not be able to defeat Abu Bakr forever’,” (HR Tirmidhi)

5. The Most Loved People of Prophet Muhammad SAW

‘Amr bin Al Ash RA asked Prophet Muhammad SAW:

Means: “Who are you in love with? The Prophet replied: ‘Aisyah’. I asked again: ‘If it's a boy?’. He replied: ‘His father Aisyah’ (i.e Abu Bakr),” (HR Muslim).

The Personality of Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq

Abu Bakr was nicknamed Ash Shiddiq, because he confirmed the news of the Prophet Muhammad SAW with very high confidence. Evidently, he became the first person to convert to Islam.

He also believes in the journey of Isra Mi’raj carried out by Rasulah SA. In fact, Allah SWT refers to it as Ash Shiddiq in the Quran.

That is: “And those who bring truth (Muhammad) and who justify it, those are the ones who fear,” (QS Az Zumar: 33).

The Messenger of Allah has named him Ash Shiddiq, as narrated in Shahih Bukhari:

Meaning: “From Anas bin Malik RA, that the Prophet SAW climbed Mount Uhud with Abu Bakr, Umar and ‘Utsman. Mount Uhud was shaking. The Prophet then said: ‘Be quiet Uhud, above you is the Prophet, Ash Shiddiq (i.e Abu Bakr) and two people Syuhada’ (‘Umar and ‘Utsman),” (HR Bukhari).

Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq has white skin, thin body, hairy, his face looks thin, his forehead appears, and often wears hinaa and katm.

So firm and harsh was Abu Bakr's attitude, that the scholars said:

That is: “Allah helped Islam through Abu Bakr in the day when many people apostatized, and through Ahmad (bin Hambal) in the day when there was slander (khalqul Qur’an),”.

Thanks to his decisiveness, Abu Bakr fought against the apostates and those who were reluctant to pay zakat at that time. Musailamah Al Kadzab was assassinated during his reign.

He deployed troops to conquer Sham, as the Prophet Muhammad wished. And finally Sham was conquered, as was Iraq.

Abu Bakr was a wise man. When he was not pleased with the release of Khalid bin Walid, he said:

It means: “For the sake of Allah, I will not draw the sword which Allah has directed to his enemy until Allah has finished it,” (HR Ahmad).

Such was the figure of Abu Bakr Ash Shiqqid, the first caliph of the Muslims who loved the Prophet SAW.